Palito

The Indonesia Spice Up The World (ISUTW) Campaign As An Indonesian Nation Branding Effort

2024-02-13T11:35:52+07:00

The development of globalization throughout the world also affects the interaction between state actors in the international system, especially in the practice of diplomacy carried out by states. One form of diplomacy that has developed is the gastrodiplomacy campaign carried out by Indonesia. At the end of 2020, an Indonesia Spice Up the World (ISUTW) gastrodiplomacy campaign was initiated which was initiated by the government and across ministries in Indonesia with the aim of increasing exports of Indonesian spices and local culinary seasonings and expanding the network of Indonesian restaurants abroad as one of the efforts in Indonesia's national economic recovery after the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose jncarried out by Indonesia through the Indonesia Spice Up the World (ISUTW) campaign. Gastrodiplomacy campaigns carried out by a country can be analyzed through nation branding strategies in seeing how the strategy can achieve a country's national interests. The research was conducted using the conceptual framework of "Nation Branding" from Juyan Zhang. Data collection techniques and data analysis are carried out by qualitative methods and descriptive analysis. The research conducted found that Indonesia with the ISUTW gastrodiplomacy campaign has carried out a nation branding strategy through six nation branding strategies proposed by Juyan Zhang including, product marketing strategy, food event strategy, coalition-building strategy, use of opinion leaders, education strategy and Media Relation Strategy. The six strategies in the nation branding effort in the gastrodiplomacy campaign help Indonesia to achieve Indonesia's national interests in terms of the national economy and culinary promotions carried out

China's Motivation to Improve Bilateral Relations with South Korea After the Polemic of THAAD (Terminal High Altitude Area Defense)

2024-01-15T17:29:17+07:00

North Korea's aggressiveness in launching ballistic missiles has threatened the security stability of East Asia. As a state under threat, South Korea formed a joint security partnership with the United States through the deployment of THAAD in 2016. However, China has opposed it by arguing that THAAD would threaten domestic and regional security stability. As a result, China's rejection led to the presence of the phenomenon of economic retaliation which resulted in a decrease in the value of South Korea-China bilateral trade and distrust. Nevertheless, after negotiations, the two countries decided to improve bilateral relations in 2017. This paper aims to determine China's motivation in improving bilateral relations with South Korea as a foreign policy decision after rejecting the deployment of THAAD under the guise of threatening to trigger bilateral polemics. This research will be analyzed through qualitative methods with the conceptual framework of foreign policy determinants by Shannon L. Blanton and Charles Kegley. In this conceptual framework, there are five determinants that influence foreign policy decision making namely military capabilities, economic conditions, type of government, global distributions of power, and geopolitical factors. Furthermore, Blanton & Kegley's conceptual framework identifies that each of these determinants influenced China's motivation to improving bilateral relations with South Korea after the THAAD polemic.

Penerimaan Pengungsi Afghanistan oleh Korea Selatan pada Tahun 2021 Melalui Operation Miracle

2024-01-15T17:20:57+07:00

South Korea is one of the countries that ratified the 1951 Refugee Convention in 1992 and implemented it into domestic regulations in 2013. Even though it has been ratified and implemented, the rate of acceptance of refugees in South Korea is very low. In 2020 the refugee acceptance rate is less than two percent of the number of incoming asylum applications. South Korea appears to have implemented a policy that is closed to refugees as seen from one of the policies for returning refugees directly which is not in line with the provisions of the 1951 Refugee Convention. But in 2021, the government adopt a more hospitable policy towards refugees originating from Afghanistan. This study aims to explain the factors that influence the acceptance of Afghan refugees by South Korea in 2021. This research is analyzed using the concept of foreign policy change by Spyros Blavoukos and Dimitris Bourantonis. This study used a qualitative research methodology and a descriptive-analytical type of research. Based on the concept used, the first factor affecting the acceptance of Afghan refugees by South Korea in 2021 is the domestic structural parameter influenced by the power of progressive parties in the legislature and executive and the existence of a network of advocacy groups. Second, international structural parameters influenced by the United States' encouragement of South Korea, and the role of the UNHCR in encouraging the acceptance of Afghan refugees.

Kebijakan Penarikan Pasukan Amerika Serikat Dari Afghanistan

2024-01-15T17:26:57+07:00

Amerika Serikat di bawah pemerintahan Joe Biden melakukan penarikan penuh atas pasukannya di Afghanistan pada tahun 2021 setelah berada selama kurang lebih 20 tahun di negara tersebut. Penarikan penuh pasukan yang dilakukan secara tiba-tiba oleh pemerintahan Joe Biden tersebut mendapatkan banyak kritikan dan pertentangan dari berbagai pihak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis mengenai faktor yang menjadi pendorong perubahan kebijakan Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat terhadap Afghanistan untuk menarik penuh seluruh pasukannya disaat keputusan tersebut memiliki risiko yang besar dan mendapatkan banyak pertentangan. Peneliti menggunakan kerangka pemikiran Foreign Policy Change yang dikemukakan oleh Charles F. Hermann. Metode peneliti yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Berdasarkan kerangka berpikir yang digunakan, peneliti menemukan bahwa terjadinya perubahan kebijakan luar negeri Amerika Serikat terjadi karea didorong oleh beberapa faktor diantara adalah pandangan Joe Biden sebagai presiden Amerika Serikat, dorongan dari lembaga pemerintahan Amerika Serikat, kelompok akademis Amerika Serikat, dan ancaman luar negeri Amerika Serikat.

Kata Kunci: 9/11, Afghanistan, AS, Kebijakan, Penarikan pasukan.

Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Berkembangnya Aktivitas Paradiplomasi Kota Padang dan Kota Hildesheim Pada Tahun 1988-2022

2024-02-13T11:31:55+07:00

In 1988, the local government of Indonesia and the government of German federation established paradiplomacy activities in the form of Padang-Hildesheim sister city cooperation. This sister city cooperation has an interesting pattern because the formation of this cooperation not accordance with the provisions for the formation of sister city cooperation, specifically on the basis of similar characteristics and superior regional potential. However, Padang-Hildesheim sister city cooperation has been able to develop for 34 years and it remains active today. The purpose of this study is to identify the causative factors of paradiplomacy development in Padang City and Hildesheim City in 1988 using the concept of paradiplomacy by Alexander S. Kuznetsov. This research is a qualitative descriptive research using primary and secondary data. The results of this study show factors that led the development of Padang-Hildesheim paradiplomacy activities in 1988-2022 from the perspective of Padang City are globalization, democratization, foreign policy domestication, decentralization, problems with the nation-building process, asymmetry of the constituent units, the external stimulus, and the role of regional leaders. Meanwhile, factors that led the development of Padang-Hildesheim paradiplomacy activities in 1988-2022 from the perspective of the Hildesheim City are globalization, foreign policy domestication, federalization, asymmetry of the constituent units, external stimulus, and the role of political parties.

Aksi PEGIDA Terhadap Pengungsi Muslim di Jerman

2024-01-15T17:16:39+07:00

This research examines the actions of Patriotic Europeans Against the Islamization of the West (PEGIDA) towards Muslim refugees in Germany through the framework of Islamophobia as formulated by the Runnymede Trust. The study utilizes a qualitative methodology with a descriptive-analytical research design to comprehend the nature and implications of PEGIDA's anti-Muslim sentiments and actions within the broader context of the refugee crisis in Germany. The research begins by discussing the refugee crisis and the development of Islamophobia in Germany, which serves as the rationale for the rise of PEGIDA. The study identifies the main objectives of the group and the prevailing public sentiments towards Muslim refugees. Based on the Islamophobia framework, this research analyzes the ideological foundations and strategies employed by PEGIDA. The conceptual framework examines aspects of prejudice, stereotypes, and discriminatory practices faced by the Muslim community due to PEGIDA's actions, which contribute to the academic discourse on Islamophobia, right-wing movements, and refugee integration in Europe. The results of this research reveal that PEGIDA's actions, based on aspects of Islamophobia, have created divisions between the society and refugees that can lead to crimes. The government has also made several efforts to address this issue, including reapplying the Dublin Regulation and collaborating with Turkey.

Perubahan Kebijakan Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat dalam Mengatasi Imigran Ilegal di Perbatasan Dengan Meksiko

2024-01-15T17:25:05+07:00

The United States, particularly illegal immigrants from the Mexico border, is the primary destination country for these immigrants. In addressing the threat posed by illegal immigrants, the US implements foreign policy measures. Research aims to explain the factors contributing to these changes and examine the extent of changes in the US foreign policy concerning illegal immigration. The factors and levels of changes are analyzed using the foreign policy change theory developed by Jakob Gustavsson. The factors of change consist of international and domestic factors, encompassing political and economic elements. The levels of change categorized as adjustment changes, program changes, problem/goal changes, and international orientation changes. The research methodology employed is qualitative, utilizing a descriptive analytical approach and relying on secondary data. The international factors within the political realm include increasing criminal activities, while the economic aspect pertains to issues regarding low wages for workers. Domestic factors within the political sphere involve changes in foreign policy resulting from the fulfillment of campaign promises influenced by political parties, and the economic aspect relates to the declining income of the American population, affecting the average income of U.S. citizens. The observed levels of change predominantly fall under program changes and international orientation changes.